Early stage atherosclerosis regression using combined sonotherapy and mitoxantrone-mediated sonoporation therapy

Abstract Background In atherosclerosis, local inflammation and associated macrophage activity can lead to foam cell-rich plaque formation, which results rupture thrombosis, making an important therapeutic target in cardiovascular disease. The early stage of atherosclerosis is characterized by the accumulation low-density lipoprotein (LDL) droplets, leading creation cells. Foam cells are generated uncontrolled uptake modified LDL, especially oxidized LDL (oxLDL). Purpose this study, we developed experimental focused ultrasound-based combined sonotherapy sonoporation therapy system, investigated its effectiveness on macrophage-derived reduction, wherein a high resolution diagnostic ultrasound adjuncted with combination goal increased safety. Methods Briefly, New Zealand white rabbits underwent primary balloon dilatation injury at right common carotid artery followed 1.5% cholesterol-rich diet for three weeks. Histopathology showed formation all rabbits' arteries. Then arteries treatment group lesion region, treated using extracorporeal low-level pulsed-focused (P=11 W, F=1.1 MHz, DF=50%) accompanied mitoxantrone-loaded PESDA (Perfluorocarbon-Exposed Sonicated Dextrose Albumin) microbubbles (100 ml/kg, 2–5x105 bubbles/ml)-mediated therapy. density were evaluated compared other groups B-mode ultrasonography histopathology. Results from histopathology significant reduction mean value immune within atherosclerotic (p<0.05). Conclusion Enhanced effect ultrasound, induced collapsed anti-inflammatory antineoplastic cytotoxic mitoxantrone cause reduce lesion. These finding provide basis developing successful clinical application atherosclerosis. Funding Acknowledgement Type funding sources: Public Institution(s). Main source(s): Mehrad Research Lab